Switzerland has held a referendum to decide whether to introduce electronic identity cards for its citizens.
This is the second national vote after a similar proposal was rejected in 2021 over privacy concerns and private sector involvement.
Under the new plan, the system would remain optional and entirely managed by public authorities, keeping data on users’ smartphones.
Both Swiss parliamentary houses have approved the proposal, and the government recommends a “Yes” vote to voters nationwide.
Physical identity cards will still be available, continuing Switzerland’s long tradition of personal privacy and citizen choice.
Authorities requesting information will only access the specific details needed, such as proof of age or nationality.
Supporters argue electronic IDs would simplify everyday tasks, like signing contracts or proving age for alcohol purchases online.
Switzerland has historically prioritised privacy, with strict banking secrecy laws and limits on public surveillance compared to neighbouring countries.
Even Google Street View faces restrictions, requiring blurring of sensitive locations such as schools, hospitals, and women’s refuges.
Opponents fear digital IDs could be misused to track individuals or sell data for marketing despite new safeguards.
Early projections suggest the vote is evenly split, making the final result uncertain until official counts conclude late on Sunday.
Polls indicate many voters may be willing to try electronic IDs, having used the government Covid ID during the pandemic.
With most citizens already active on smartphones and social media, some argue limited official data access poses little additional risk.
Voters now await the official outcome, which could reshape how Swiss citizens prove identity and access services online.
The decision highlights ongoing tension between digital convenience and the country’s deeply rooted privacy values.
